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Victor Ambartsumian (1908-1996) |
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Victor Amazasp Ambartsumian was born in
In 1946 the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory of the
Ambartsumian
has carried out some other investigations of great importance in astrophysics
as well, such as the study of interstellar absorbing matter in the Galaxy (the
idea of its ragged
structure, the theory of
fluctuations of light of the Milky Way), works on stellar dynamics
(establishing of the base of new,
statistical mechanics of stellar systems), statistical investigations of flare
stars, and others. Ambartsumian was an outstanding organizer of science, who
significantly promoted the international scientific cooperation. In 1948-1955 he was the vice-president, and
in 1961-64 - the president of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), in
1968 and 1970 he was twice elected the president of the International Council
of Scientific Unions (ICSU). His many-sided activity accepted high estimate. He
was awarded governmental prizes, orders and medals of a number of countries
(Twice Hero of Socialist Labour in 1968 and 1978,
USSR State Prizes in 1946 and 1950, Russian State Prize in 1995, National Hero
of Armenia in 1994), gold medals of a number of academies and scientific
societies. He was elected honorary and foreign
member of 28 Academies of
Sciences, including USA, UK, France, Italy, Holland, Belgium, Denmark, Sweden,
Greece, Czechoslovakia, India, Argentina, and
other National Academies, honorary member of scientific societies of
many countries, honorary doctor of the
Universities of Canberra (Australia), La Plata (Argentina), Warsaw and Torun (Poland), Praha
(Czechoslovakia), Liege (Belgium) and
Sorbonne (France).V.A.Ambartsumian has published about 20 books
and booklets, more than 200
scientific papers, numerous popular articles.
Victor A. Ambartsumian
passed away in
V.A.AMBARTSUMIAN’S ACHIEVEMENTS, HONOURS and AWARDS
1931-1932 Scientific
Secretary of the Pulkovo Observatory
1931-1934 Lecturer
of astrophysics of the
1934 Professor
of the
1934-1946 Head
of the first in the
1935 Awarded
the scientific degree of doctor of physical-mathematical sciences without
defense of dissertation
1937-1944 Scientific
head of the Yerevan Astronomical Observatory
1939 Corresponding
member of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1939-1941 Director
of the astronomical observatory of the
1940 Member
of the Communist Party of the
1940 Title
of Honored Scientist of the Armenian SSR
1941-1943 Pro-rector of the
1943 Founding
member of the newly organized Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences
1943 Full
member of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences
1943-1947 Vice-President
of the
1944 Labour Red Banner Order for outstanding services in
preparing astronomy specialists and on the occasion of 125th anniversary of the
1944-1994 Head
of the newly founded department of astrophysics of the
1944-1946 Director
of the
1944 Chairman
of the Astronomical Commission of the
1944-1959 Editor-in-chief
of the journal "Reports of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences"
1944-1979 Member
of the editorial board of the "Astronomical journal" of the USSR
Academy of Sciences
1945 Lenin Order for outstanding services in
development of science & engineering and on occasion of 220th anniversary
of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1946
1946-1988 Director
of the newly founded Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory of the Armenian SSR
Academy of Sciences
1946-1985 Editor-in-chief
of the "Communications of the Byurakan Observatory"
1946 Member
of the International Astronomical
1947 Honorary
member of the American Astronomical Society (AAS)
1947 Professor
of the
1947-1951 Deputy
of the Armenian SSR Supreme Soviet
1947-1956 Chairman
of the Editorial-Publishing council of the Armenian SSR Academy of Sciences
1947-1972 Member
of the Committee on Lenin and
1947-1993 President
of the
1947 Chairman
of the "Knowledge" society administration of the Armenian SSR
1948-1955 Vice-President
of the International Astronomical
1948 Member
of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Armenian SSR
1949-1953 Chairman
of the Armenian Republican Committee of defenders of peace
1950
1950 Deputy
of the
1952-1964 Chairman
of the Committee on cosmogony of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1953 Labour Red Banner Order for prolonged meritorious service
and unexceptionable work
1953 Full
member of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1953 Honorary
member of the Royal Astronomical Society (
1953 Corresponding
member of the Royal Society (Academy of sciences) of
1955 Member
of the Presidium of the
1956 Corresponding
member of the
1956 Jansen
medal of the French Astronomical Society for scientific services
1957 Corresponding
member of the
1957 Foreign
Honorary member of the
1958 Lenin
Order for outstanding services in the field of development of astronomy and on
the occasion of his 50th anniversary
1958 Corresponding
member of the
1959 Member
of the
1959 Member
of the
1959 Honorary
member of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada
1959 Catarine Brus gold medal of the
Astronomical Society of the Pacific (
1960 Gold
Medal of the Great Britain Royal Astronomical Society for works in the field of
theoretical astrophysics and stellar astronomy
1960 Medal
"For labour valour"
1961-1964 President
of the International Astronomical
1963 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the
1964-1987 Editor-in-Chief of the newly founded
journal "Astrofizika"
1965 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the Paris (Sorbonne) University as a recognition of services to world
science
1966 Member
of Executive Committee of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU)
1967 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the
1967 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the Carlov (Praha)
University (
1967 Member
of the
1967 Chairman
of the editorial board and scientific-publishing council of the first
"Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia"
1968 Title of the Hero of Socialist Labour with investiture of Lenin Order and Gold medal
"Hammer and sickle" for great services in the development of
astronomical science and on the occasion of his 60th anniversary
1968 Title
of Honoured Scientist of the Georgian SSR
1968-1972 President
of the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) (two periods)
1969 Cyrill & Mefodiy Order of I degree by Presidium of the People's
Assembly of the People's Republic of
1969 Honorary
member of the London Royal Society (
1969 Honorary
member of the Cambridge Philosophical Society (
1970 S.I.Vavilov
medal by the Presidium of Administration of All-Union society
"Knowledge" for services in popularization of political and
scientific knowledge
1970 Member
of the
1970 Gold
medal of the Slovak Academy of Sciences for outstanding scientific and social
activity and for services to humanity
1970 Chairman
of the Committee of the
1971 Member
of the
1971 Helmholz medal by the
1971 The
highest award of the Academy - M.V.Lomonosov Gold
medal by the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences for outstanding achievements
in the field of astronomy and astrophysics
1972 Honorary
member of the Azerbaijan SSR Academy of Sciences
1973 Honorary
member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of
1973 Order
of "Service" of the 3rd degree by the Government of Poland for
outstanding scientific services
1973 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the
1973 Honorary
member of the New-York Academy of Sciences
1974 Foreign
member of the
1974 Title
of Honorary Doctor (honoris causa)
of the
1974 Kotenius Gold medal by the
1974 Foreign
member of the
1974 Sarmiento medal by the
1974 Chairman
of the United Scientific Council on astronomy of the USSR Academy of Sciences
1974 Lenin
Order for scientific services on the occasion of 250th anniversary of the USSR
Academy of Sciences
1975 Order
of "Banner" of the Hungarian People's Republic
1976 Foreign
member of the
1976 Member
of the Editorial board of the "Reports of the USSR Academy of
Sciences"
1978 Foreign
member of the
1978 Foreign
member (Associe etranger)
of the
1978 Lenin Order and second Gold medal
"Hammer and sickle" of the Hero of Socialist Labour
for outstanding services in the development of the Soviet science and on the
occasion of his 70th anniversary
1978 Honorary
member of the
1978 Corresponding
member of the International Academy of Astronautics
1979 Honorary
member of the
1982 Honorary
citizen of
1983 Foreign
member of the
1983 "October
Revolution" Order for scientific services and on the occasion of his 75th
anniversary
1984 Gold
medal of the
1984 Deputy
of the
1984 Foreign
member of the Syrian Scientific Society (Academy of sciences)
1988 Honorary
director of the Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory
1992 Full
member of the
1992 Full
member of the
1993 Honorary
President of the
1994 Counsellor of the
1994 Motherland Order and title of
"National Hero of Armenia" for creation of scientific values of international
significance, exceptional services in the field of organization of science
1994 George
Gamov prize and medal of the
1994 Annual
national prize of the All-Armenian Foundation "Hayastan"
in the field of science and culture
1995 State
prize of the
1996 Member of the Euro-Asian Astronomical
Society (EAAS)